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1505 In Science
The year 1505 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed below. Biology * ''approx. date'' – Leonardo da Vinci produces his ''Codex on the Flight of Birds''. Exploration * Portuguese reach the Comoros archipelago. * Bermuda is discovered by Spanish explorer Juan de Bermúdez. * 1505 ''or'' 1506 – Portuguese explorer Gonçalo Álvares is the first to sight what will later be known as Gough Island. Mathematics * Scipione del Ferro solves the depressed cubic equation. Mineralogy * Ulrich Rülein von Calw publishes ("A well-ordered and useful little book about how to seek and find mines") in Augsburg, the first scientific treatment of mining in Germany. Technology * First known reference to a wheellock gun. Births * May 20 – Levinus Lemnius, Dutch physician (d. 1568) * Giovan Battista Bellaso, Italian cryptologist This is a list of cryptographers. Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science
Science is a systematic endeavor that Scientific method, builds and organizes knowledge in the form of Testability, testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence for scientific reasoning is tens of thousands of years old. The earliest written records in the history of science come from Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in around 3000 to 1200 Common Era, BCE. Their contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine entered and shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity, whereby formal attempts were made to provide explanations of events in the Universe, physical world based on natural causes. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, knowledge of History of science in classical antiquity, Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Western Europe during the early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages, but was preserved in the Muslim world during the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the economic viability of investing in the equipment, labor, and energy required to extract, refine and transport the materials found at the mine to manufacturers who can use the material. Ores recovered by mining include metals, coal, oil shale, gemstones, limestone, chalk, dimension stone, rock salt, potash, gravel, and clay. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or feasibly created artificially in a laboratory or factory. Mining in a wider sense includes extraction of any non-renewable resource such as petroleum, natural gas, or even water. Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1505 In Science
The year 1505 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed below. Biology * ''approx. date'' – Leonardo da Vinci produces his ''Codex on the Flight of Birds''. Exploration * Portuguese reach the Comoros archipelago. * Bermuda is discovered by Spanish explorer Juan de Bermúdez. * 1505 ''or'' 1506 – Portuguese explorer Gonçalo Álvares is the first to sight what will later be known as Gough Island. Mathematics * Scipione del Ferro solves the depressed cubic equation. Mineralogy * Ulrich Rülein von Calw publishes ("A well-ordered and useful little book about how to seek and find mines") in Augsburg, the first scientific treatment of mining in Germany. Technology * First known reference to a wheellock gun. Births * May 20 – Levinus Lemnius, Dutch physician (d. 1568) * Giovan Battista Bellaso, Italian cryptologist This is a list of cryptographers. Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriele Zerbi
Gabriele Zerbi (1445–1505) was a Veronese professor at the Universities of Bologna and Padua. He was also referred to as Zerbus, Zerbo, Zerbis, Gerbo, Gerbi, and Gerbus. He survived the devastating bubonic plague outbreak of 1477–79 in Northern Italy. He published the first printed treatise on geriatrics, "Gerontocomia: On the Care of the Aged," which took the form of a practical guide. His other works included: ''Questiones Metaphysicae; De Cautelis Medicorum; Liber'' ''anatomiae corporis humani et singulorum membrorum'' ''illius;'' ''De anatomia infantiis et porci ex traditione'' ''Cophonis,'' and ''Libellus de preservatione corporum a'' ''passione calculosa.'' Early life Gabriele Zerbi was born in Verona to Francesco and Paola. Not much is known about his mother, Paola, but in various community documents that mention his father, Francesco, it appears that he was involved in various duties of civic responsibility, including the financial affairs of Verona. He had two bro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptologist
This is a list of cryptographers. Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties called adversaries. Pre twentieth century * Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi: wrote a (now lost) book on cryptography titled the "''Book of Cryptographic Messages''". * Al-Kindi, 9th century Arabic polymath and originator of frequency analysis. * Athanasius Kircher, attempts to decipher crypted messages * Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, wrote a standard book on cryptography * Ibn Wahshiyya: published several cipher alphabets that were used to encrypt magic formulas. * John Dee, wrote an occult book, which in fact was a cover for crypted text * Ibn 'Adlan: 13th-century cryptographer who made important contributions on the sample size of the frequency analysis. * Duke of Mantua Francesco I Gonzaga is the one who used the earliest example of homophonic Substitution cipher in early 1400s. * Ibn al-Durayhim: gave d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian People
, flag = , flag_caption = The national flag of Italy , population = , regions = Italy 55,551,000 , region1 = Brazil , pop1 = 25–33 million , ref1 = , region2 = Argentina , pop2 = 20–25 million , ref2 = , region3 = United States , pop3 = 17-20 million , ref3 = , region4 = France , pop4 = 1-5 million , ref4 = , region5 = Venezuela , pop5 = 1-5 million , ref5 = , region6 = Paraguay , pop6 = 2.5 million , region7 = Colombia , pop7 = 2 million , ref7 = , region8 = Canada , pop8 = 1.5 million , ref8 = , region9 = Australia , pop9 = 1.0 million , ref9 = , region10 = Uruguay , pop10 = 1.0 million ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovan Battista Bellaso
Giovan Battista Bellaso (Brescia 1505–...) was an Italian cryptologist. The Vigenère cipher is named after Blaise de Vigenère, although Giovan Battista Bellaso had invented it before Vigenère described his autokey cipher. Biography Bellaso was born of a distinguished family in 1505. His father was Piervincenzo, a patrician of Brescia, owner since the 15th century of a house in town and a suburban estate in Capriano, in a neighborhood called Fenili Belasi (Bellaso's barns), including the Holy Trinity chapel. The chaplain was remunerated each year with a regular salary, and a supply of firewood. The family coat of arms was ‘‘On a blue field three red-tongued gold lion heads in side view”. Bellaso received a degree in civil law at the University of Padua in 1538. The French author, Blaise de Vigenère, reported that he was serving as a secretary in the suite of Cardinal Rodolfo Pio di Carpi and credited him with the invention of the reciprocal table, now called t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1568 In Science
{{Science year nav, 1568 The year 1568 in science and technology involved some significant events. Botany * Orto Botanico di Bologna botanical garden is created under the direction of Ulisse Aldrovandi. Medicine * ''Ane Breve Descriptioun of the Pest'' by Gilbert Skene, the first Scottish medical book, is published. Births * October 2 – Marin Getaldić, Ragusan mathematician (died 1626) * ''date unknown'' – Nikolaus Ager, French botanist (died 1634) Deaths * July 13 – William Turner, English naturalist (born c. 1508) * Garcia de Orta, Portuguese physician (born c. 1501 Year 1501 ( MDI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 17 – Cesare Borgia returns triumphantly to Rome, from Romagna. * March 25 & ...) 16th century in science 1560s in science ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physician
A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. Physicians may focus their practice on certain disease categories, types of patients, and methods of treatment—known as specialities—or they may assume responsibility for the provision of continuing and comprehensive medical care to individuals, families, and communities—known as general practice. Medical practice properly requires both a detailed knowledge of the academic disciplines, such as anatomy and physiology, underlying diseases and their treatment—the ''science'' of medicine—and also a decent competence in its applied practice—the art or ''craft'' of medicine. Both the role of the physician and the meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch People
The Dutch ( Dutch: ) are an ethnic group and nation native to the Netherlands. They share a common history and culture and speak the Dutch language. Dutch people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in Aruba, Suriname, Guyana, Curaçao, Argentina, Brazil, Canada,Based on Statistics Canada, Canada 2001 Censusbr>Linkto Canadian statistics. Australia, South Africa, New Zealand and the United States.According tFactfinder.census.gov The Low Countries were situated around the border of France and the Holy Roman Empire, forming a part of their respective peripheries and the various territories of which they consisted had become virtually autonomous by the 13th century. Under the Habsburgs, the Netherlands were organised into a single administrative unit, and in the 16th and 17th centuries the Northern Netherlands gained independence from Spain as the Dutch Republic. The high degree of urbanization characteristic of Dutch society was attained at a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Levinus Lemnius
Levinus Lemnius (20 May 1505 in Zierikzee – 1 July 1568 in Zierikzee) was a Dutch physician and author. Life Lemnius studied medicine at the University of Leuven under Rembert Dodoens and Konrad Gesner; and under Vesalius at Padua. He also travelled to Switzerland and England. After his wife's death, he became a priest. Works *''Occulta naturae miracula'' (1559, Antwerp) by the University and State Library Düsseldorf) This was translated as ''De gli occvlti miracoli'', ''Les Occultes Merveilles et Secretz de Nature''online text ''The secret miracles of nature'', and ''Wunderbarliche Geheimnisse der Natur'online text. *''De habitu et constitutione corporis'' (1561, Antwerp). As ''The Touchstone of Complexions'' (1576) (translation into English by Thomas Newton) *''Herbarum atque arborum quae in Bibliis passim obviae sunt et ex quibus sacri vates similitudines desumunt''. In English as ''An Herbal for the Bible'' (1579, Newton translation). *''De miraculis occultis natura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wheellock
A wheellock, wheel-lock or wheel lock is a friction-wheel mechanism which creates a spark that causes a firearm to fire. It was the next major development in firearms technology after the matchlock and the first self-igniting firearm. Its name is from its rotating steel wheel to provide ignition. Developed in Europe around 1500, it was used alongside the matchlock and later the snaplock (1540s), the snaphance (1560s) and the flintlock (c. 1610s). Design The wheellock works by spinning a spring-loaded steel wheel against a piece of pyrite to generate intense sparks, which ignite gunpowder in a pan, which flashes through a small touchhole to ignite the main charge in the firearm's barrel. The pyrite is clamped in vise jaws on a spring-loaded arm (or 'dog'), which rests on the pan cover. When the trigger is pulled, the pan cover is opened, and the wheel is rotated, with the pyrite pressed into contact. A close modern analogy of the wheellock mechanism is the operation of a lighte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
