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1938 In France
Events from the year 1938 in France. Incumbents *President: Albert Lebrun *President of the Council of Ministers: ** until 13 March: Camille Chautemps ** 13 March-10 April: Léon Blum ** starting 10 April: Édouard Daladier Events *1 January – Creation of SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français), bringing the country's principal railway companies together under government control. *14 March – Premier Léon Blum reassures the Czechoslovak government that France will honor its treaty obligations to aid Czechoslovakia in event of German invasion. *10 April – Édouard Daladier becomes prime minister of France. He appoints as Foreign Minister Georges Bonnet, an advocate of appeasement. *4 September – During the ceremony marking the unveiling of a plaque at Pointe de Grave celebrating Franco-American friendship, American ambassador William Bullitt in a speech states, "France and the United States were united in war and peace". *30 September – Munich Agr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14 Juillet (Quatorze Juillet) 1938 Parijs, Feestende En Dansende Mensen Op Op He, Bestanddeelnr 254-2182
Bastille Day is the common name given in English-speaking countries to the national day of France, which is celebrated on 14 July each year. It is referred to, both legally and commonly, as () in French, though ''la fête nationale'' is also used in the press. French National Day is the anniversary of the Storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789, a major event of the French Revolution, as well as the that celebrated the unity of the French people on 14 July 1790. Celebrations are held throughout France. One that has been reported as "the oldest and largest military parade in Europe" is held on 14 July on the Champs-Élysées in Paris in front of the President of France, along with other French officials and foreign guests. History In 1789, tensions rose in France between reformist and conservative factions as the country struggled to resolve an economic crisis. In May, the Estates General legislative assembly was revived, but members of the Third Estate broke ranks, dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Massigli
René Massigli (; 22 March 1888 – 3 February 1988) was a French diplomat who played a leading role as a senior official at the Quai d'Orsay and was regarded as one of the leading French experts on Germany, which he greatly distrusted. Early career The son of a Protestant law professor, Massigli was born in Montpellier in the southern French department of Hérault. After graduating from the elite ''École normale supérieure'' in Paris with an ''agrégation d'histoire'', he attended the French Academy in Rome in 1911-1912, studying history under Louis Duchesne. In 1913-1914, he attended the University of Lille, where he was awarded a ''maître de conférence''. He joined the French foreign service during the First World War. He served in the ''Maison de la Presse'' section of the Quai d'Orsay in Bern, Switzerland, where he analysed German newspapers for the French government. In the spring of 1919, Massigli was sent on several unofficial missions to Berlin to contact Germa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michèle Girardon
Michèle Girardon (9 August 1938 – 25 March 1975), sometimes credited as Michele Girardon, was a French actress. Career Born in Lyon, France, Girardon began acting as early as 1956, and had a small but noticeable role as a deaf-mute beauty in director Luis Buñuel's '' La mort en ce jardin (Death in the Garden)'' (1956). She soon became prominent in a host of films, including those of notable directors of the French New Wave. She is probably best known as an actress for her work in director Louis Malle's '' Les Amants (The Lovers)'' in 1958, and the 1961 Howard Hawks production of ''Hatari!'' starring John Wayne and Hardy Krüger; for the latter, as she spoke no English when cast in the role, she taught herself English while on the set, according to a July 1961 ''Life'' magazine profile of the actress. The same article stated she was signed to a five–year contract with Paramount Studios. 1963 proved to be her most active year, with several avant garde films to her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcel Artelesa
Marcel Artelesa (2 July 1938 – 23 September 2016) was a French footballer who played as a defender. He played for France at the 1960 Summer Olympics, and in the 1966 FIFA World Cup in England. Honours ; AS Monaco * French championship: 1963 *Coupe de France
The Coupe de France (), also known in English language, English as the French Cup or less commonly as the France Cup, is the premier Single-elimination ...
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Louis-Marie Billé
Louis-Marie Billé (18 February 1938 – 12 March 2002) was a French clergyman, archbishop of Lyon from 6 September 1998 and a cardinal until his death in office. Life Billé was born in Orléans to Gabriel Léandre François Victor Billé and Madeleine Louise David. He studied Catholic Theology and Philosophy in Luçon, Angers (Catholic University of the West), Rome and Jerusalem, specialising in Biblical Theology. His career in the clergy began on 25 March 1962 when he was ordained priest for the diocese of Luçon. From 1966 to 1972 he worked as a lecturer at the priests' seminary in Luçon, and from 1972 to 1977 he performed the same task at the seminary of La Roche-sur-Yon. Pope John Paul II appointed him Bishop of Laval on 10 May 1984, transferring him in 1995 to the diocese of Aix, Arles and Embrun. He published ''Jean-Paul II avec l`Eglise de France - La vitalité de l`Evangile'' in 1997. He would become Archbishop of Lyon on 10 July 1998. On 21 February 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roland Topor
Roland Topor (7 January 1938 – 16 April 1997) was a French illustrator, cartoonist, comics artist, painter, novelist, playwright, film and TV writer, filmmaker and actor, who was known for the surrealism, surreal nature of his work. He was of Polish Jews, Polish-Jewish origin. His parents were Jewish émigrés from Warsaw, Poland. He spent the early years of his life in Savoy, where his family hid him from the Gestapo. Biography Roland Topor's parents came to France in the 1930s. In 1941 Topor's father, Abram, along with thousands of other Jewish men living in Paris, were required to register with the Vichy France, Vichy authorities. Topor's father was subsequently arrested and interned in a Pithiviers internment camp, prison camp at Pithiviers, where inmates would be held before being sent to other concentration camps, usually Auschwitz concentration camp, Auschwitz. Of the thousands who were sent to Pithiviers only 159 survived. But Topor's father, Abram, managed to escape ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gino Bartali
Gino Bartali, (; 18 July 1914 – 5 May 2000), nicknamed Gino the Pious and (in Italy) Ginettaccio, was a champion road cyclist. He was the most renowned Italian cyclist before the Second World War, having won the Giro d'Italia twice, in 1936 and 1937, and the Tour de France in 1938. After the war, he added one more victory in each event: the Giro d'Italia in 1946 and the Tour de France in 1948. His second and last Tour de France victory in 1948 gave him the largest gap between victories in the race.Eurosport, Tour De France, 2008, Legends, Gino Bartali Eurosport.fr (4 July 2008). Retrieved on 6 August 2014. In September 2013, 13 years after his death, Bartali was recognised as a "Righteous Among the Nations" by Yad Vashem for his e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1938 Tour De France
The 1938 Tour de France was the 32nd edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 5 to 31 July. It was composed of 21 stages over .The race was won by Italian cyclist Gino Bartali, who also won the mountains classification. Innovations and changes The bonification system was reduced compared to 1937: the winner of a stage now only received one minute bonification time, added by the margin to the second arriving cyclist, with a maximum of 75 seconds. The cyclists who reached a mountain top that counted towards the mountains classification first, now received only one minute bonification time. The team trial stages, where the teams departed 15 minutes separately, were removed from the race. They would later return in the 1954 Tour de France, in a different form. Instead, the 1938 Tour de France featured two individual time trials. In previous years, some cyclists were in teams and other rode individually. In 1937, there had been problems with individual cyclists being accused ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italy National Football Team
The Italy national football team () has represented Italy in men's international Association football, football since its first match in 1910. The national team is controlled by the Italian Football Federation (FIGC), the governing body for football in Italy, which is a co-founder and member of UEFA. Italy's home matches are played at various stadiums throughout Italy, and its primary Training ground (association football), training ground and technical headquarters, Centro Tecnico Federale di Coverciano, is located in Florence. Italy is one of the most successful national teams in international competitions, having won four FIFA World Cup, World Cup titles (1934 FIFA World Cup, 1934, 1938 FIFA World Cup, 1938, 1982 FIFA World Cup, 1982, 2006 FIFA World Cup, 2006), reaching two more finals (1970 FIFA World Cup, 1970, 1994 FIFA World Cup, 1994), and finishing third place in 1990 FIFA World Cup, 1990 and fourth in 1978 FIFA World Cup, 1978. Italy also won two UEFA European Champi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1938 FIFA World Cup
The 1938 FIFA World Cup was the 3rd edition of the FIFA World Cup, World Cup, the quadrennial international Association football, football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held in France from 4 to 19 June 1938. Italy national football team, Italy defended its title in the final, beating Hungary national football team, Hungary 4–2. Italy's 1934 and 1938 teams hold the distinction of being the only men's national team to win the World Cup multiple times under the same coach, Vittorio Pozzo. It would be the last World Cup until 1950 FIFA World Cup, 1950; the 1942 and 1946 World Cups were cancelled due to World War II. Host selection France was chosen as host nation by FIFA in Berlin on 13 August 1936. France was chosen over Argentina and Germany in the first round of voting. The decision to hold a second consecutive tournament in Europe (after 1934 FIFA World Cup, Italy in 1934) caused outrage in South America, where it was believed that the venue should alte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galeazzo Ciano
Gian Galeazzo Ciano, 2nd Count of Cortellazzo and Buccari ( , ; 18 March 1903 – 11 January 1944), was an Italian diplomat and politician who served as Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Minister in the government of his father-in-law, Benito Mussolini, from 1936 until 1943. During this period, he was widely seen as Mussolini's most probable successor as head of government. He was the son of Admiral (rank), Admiral Costanzo Ciano, a founding member of the National Fascist Party; father and son both took part in Mussolini's March on Rome in 1922. Ciano saw action in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, Italo-Ethiopian War (1935–36) and was appointed Foreign Minister on his return. Following a series of Axis defeats in the Second World War, Ciano began pushing for Italy's exit, and he was dismissed from his post as a result. He then served as ambassador to the Holy See, Vatican. In July 1943, Ciano was among the members of the Grand Council of Fascism that forced Mussolini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who, upon assuming office as Prime Minister of Italy, Prime Minister, became the dictator of Fascist Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy, his overthrow in 1943. He was also of Italian fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919, until Death of Benito Mussolini, his summary execution in 1945. He founded and led the National Fascist Party (PNF). As a dictator and founder of fascism, Mussolini inspired the List of fascist movements, international spread of fascism during the interwar period. Mussolini was originally a socialist politician and journalist at the Avanti! (newspaper), ''Avanti!'' newspaper. In 1912, he became a member of the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), but was expelled for advocating military intervention in World War I. In 1914, Mussolini founded a newspaper, ''Il P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
