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1-bromohexane
} 1-Bromohexane is organobromine compound with formula Br(CH2)5CH3. It is a colorless liquid. Synthesis and reactions Most 1-bromoalkanes are prepared by free-radical addition of hydrogen bromide to the 1-alkene. These conditions lead to anti-Markovnikov addition, giving the 1-bromo derivative. 1-Bromohexane undergoes reactions expected of simple alkyl bromides. It can form Grignard reagents. It reacts with potassium fluoride to give the corresponding fluorocarbons. See also * 1-Fluorohexane * 1-Chlorohexane * 1-Iodohexane * Bromoalkane Organobromine chemistry is the study of the synthesis and properties of organobromine compounds, also called organobromides, which are organic compounds that contain carbon bonded to bromine. The most pervasive is the naturally produced bromometha ...s * Bromocyclohexane * Bromocyclopropane References {{DEFAULTSORT:Bromohexane, 1- Bromoalkanes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1-Fluorohexane
1-Fluorohexane is a chemical compound from the group of aliphatic saturated halogenated hydrocarbons. The chemical formula is . Synthesis 1-Fluorohexane can be obtained by reacting 1-chlorohexane or 1-Bromohexane, 1-bromohexane with potassium fluoride in ethylene glycol. Physical properties 1-Fluorohexane is a colorless liquid that is soluble in ether and benzene. Chemical properties The compound reacts with activated Mg: :: Uses The compound is primarily used in the field of organic chemistry as a reagent or solvent. Also, 1-fluorohexane is used in physical chemistry as a model compound for understanding the physico-chemical properties of fluorinated hydrocarbons. See also * 1-Bromohexane * 1-Chlorohexane * 1-Iodohexane * Perfluorohexane References {{DEFAULTSORT:Fluorohexane, 1- Fluoroalkanes Alkylating agents ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1-Iodohexane
1-Iodohexane is a chemical compound from the group of aliphatic saturated halogenated hydrocarbons. The chemical formula is . It is a colorless liquid. Synthesis 1-Iodohexane can be obtained by treating 1-bromohexane with potassium iodide. The compound can also be prepared by treating 1-hexanol with iodine and triphenylphosphine. Physical properties 1-Iodohexane is a flammable, difficult to ignite, light-sensitive liquid that is practically insoluble in water. Copper is usually added to the compound as a stabilizer. Uses The compound is used as an alkylating agent in organic synthesis. Also, it is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemical compounds such as tetradecane. See also * 1-Bromohexane * 1-Chlorohexane * 1-Fluorohexane 1-Fluorohexane is a chemical compound from the group of aliphatic saturated halogenated hydrocarbons. The chemical formula is . Synthesis 1-Fluorohexane can be obtained by reacting 1-chlorohexane or 1-Bromohexane, 1-bromohexane with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intraperitoneal
The peritoneum is the serous membrane forming the lining of the abdominal cavity or coelom in amniotes and some invertebrates, such as annelids. It covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs, and is composed of a layer of mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue. This peritoneal lining of the cavity supports many of the abdominal organs and serves as a conduit for their blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. The abdominal cavity (the space bounded by the vertebrae, abdominal muscles, diaphragm, and pelvic floor) is different from the intraperitoneal space (located within the abdominal cavity but wrapped in peritoneum). The structures within the intraperitoneal space are called "intraperitoneal" (e.g., the stomach and intestines), the structures in the abdominal cavity that are located behind the intraperitoneal space are called " retroperitoneal" (e.g., the kidneys), and those structures below the intraperitoneal space are called "sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potassium Fluoride
Potassium fluoride is the chemical compound with the formula KF. After hydrogen fluoride, KF is the primary source of the fluoride ion for applications in manufacturing and in chemistry. It is an alkali halide salt and occurs naturally as the rare mineral carobbiite. Solutions of KF will etch glass due to the formation of soluble fluorosilicates, although HF is more effective. Preparation Potassium fluoride is prepared by reacting potassium carbonate with hydrofluoric acid. Evaporation of the solution forms crystals of potassium bifluoride. The bifluoride on heating yields potassium fluoride: : : Platinum or heat resistant plastic containers are often used for these operations. Potassium chloride converts to KF upon treatment with hydrogen fluoride. In this way, potassium fluoride is recyclable. Crystalline properties KF crystallizes in the cubic NaCl crystal structure. The lattice parameter at room temperature is 0.266 nm. Applications in organic chemistry In organic c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromocyclohexane
Bromocyclohexane (also called cyclohexyl bromide, abbreviated CXB) is an organic compound with the chemical formula . Uses and reactions It is used to match the refractive index of PMMA for example in confocal microscopy of colloids. A mixture of ''cis''-decalin and CXB can simultaneously match optical index and density of PMMA. Due to the moderate dielectric constant of CXB (ε = 7.9 ), PMMA acquires charges that can be screened by the addition of salt (e.g. tetrabutyl ammonium bromide), leading to a very good approximation of colloidal hard sphere. A drawback is that CXB is a good solvent for PMMA, causing it to swell over time, which may lead to a poor determination of particle radii and determination of solid volume fraction. It is a standard coupling partner of cross coupling reactions. Similarly, cyclohexyl bromide is a standard alkylating agent. Stated applications in drug chemistry include the synthesis of gamfexine, drofenine, trihexyphenidyl, procyclidine, feclem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromoalkane
Organobromine chemistry is the study of the synthesis and properties of organobromine compounds, also called organobromides, which are organic compounds that contain carbon bonded to bromine. The most pervasive is the naturally produced bromomethane. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. General properties Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. Carbon–halogen b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1-Chlorohexane
1-Chlorohexane is a chemical compound from the group of aliphatic saturated halogenated hydrocarbons. The chemical formula is . Synthesis 1-Chlorohexane can be obtained by reacting hexyl alcohol with hydrochloric acid or thionyl chloride. Physical properties 1-Chlorohexane is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor that is very sparingly soluble in water. Chemical properties 1-Fluorohexane can be prepared by reacting 1-chlorohexane with potassium fluoride in ethylene glycol. 2-Phenylhexane can be prepared by reacting the compound with benzene and aluminum trichloride. See also *1-Fluorohexane *1-Bromohexane *1-Iodohexane 1-Iodohexane is a chemical compound from the group of aliphatic saturated halogenated hydrocarbons. The chemical formula is . It is a colorless liquid. Synthesis 1-Iodohexane can be obtained by treating 1-bromohexane with potassium iodide. The c ... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Chlorohexane, 1- Chloroalkanes Alkylating agents ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fluorocarbon
Fluorocarbons are chemical compounds with carbon-fluorine bonds. Compounds that contain many C-F bonds often have distinctive properties, e.g., enhanced stability, volatility, and hydrophobicity. Several fluorocarbons and their derivatives are commercial polymers, refrigerants, drugs, and anesthetics. Nomenclature Perfluorocarbons or PFCs, are organofluorine compounds with the formula CxFy, meaning they contain only carbon and fluorine. The terminology is not strictly followed and many fluorine-containing organic compounds are also called fluorocarbons. Compounds with the prefix perfluoro- are hydrocarbons, including those with heteroatoms, wherein all C-H bonds have been replaced by C-F bonds. Fluorocarbons includes perfluoroalkanes, fluoroalkenes, fluoroalkynes, and perfluoroaromatic compounds. Perfluoroalkanes Chemical properties Perfluoroalkanes are very stable because of the strength of the carbon–fluorine bond, one of the strongest in organic chemistry. Its st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grignard Reagent
Grignard reagents or Grignard compounds are chemical compounds with the general formula , where X is a halogen and R is an organic group, normally an alkyl or aryl. Two typical examples are methylmagnesium chloride and phenylmagnesium bromide . They are a subclass of the organomagnesium compounds. Grignard compounds are popular reagents in organic synthesis for creating new carbon–carbon bonds. For example, when reacted with another halogenated compound in the presence of a suitable catalyst, they typically yield and the magnesium halide as a byproduct; and the latter is insoluble in the solvents normally used. Grignard reagents are rarely isolated as solids. Instead, they are normally handled as solutions in solvents such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran using air-free techniques. Grignard reagents are complex with the magnesium atom bonded to two ether ligands as well as the halide and organyl ligands. The discovery of the Grignard reaction in 1900 was recogn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Markovnikov Addition
In organic chemistry, Markovnikov's rule or Markownikoff's rule describes the outcome of some addition reactions. The rule was formulated by Russian chemist Vladimir Markovnikov in 1870. Explanation The rule states that with the addition of a protic acid HX or other polar reagent to an asymmetric alkene, the acid hydrogen (H) or electropositive part gets attached to the carbon with more hydrogen substituents, and the halide (X) group or electronegative part gets attached to the carbon with more alkyl substituents. This is in contrast to Markovnikov's original definition, in which the rule states that the X component is added to the carbon with the fewest hydrogen atoms while the hydrogen atom is added to the carbon with the greatest number of hydrogen atoms. The same is true when an alkene reacts with water in an additional reaction to form an alcohol that involves carbocation formation. The hydroxyl group (OH) bonds to the carbon that has the greater number of carbon-carbon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1-alkene
In organic chemistry, terminal alkenes (alpha-olefins, α-olefins, or 1-alkenes) are a family of organic compounds which are alkenes (also known as olefins) with a chemical formula , distinguished by having a double bond at the primary, alpha (α), or 1- position.''Petrochemicals in Nontechnical Language'', 3rd Edition, Donald L. Burdick and William L. Leffler, This location of a double bond enhances the reactivity of the compound and makes it useful for a number of applications. Classification There are two types of alpha-olefins, branched and linear (or normal). The chemical properties of branched alpha-olefins with a branch at either the second (vinylidene) or the third carbon number are significantly different from the properties of linear alpha-olefins and those with branches on the fourth carbon number and further from the start of the chain. Examples of linear alpha-olefins are propene, but-1-ene and dec-1-ene. An example of a branched alpha-olefin is isobutylene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
